Guest on AI with Sach

Youssef Mrini

Senior Solutions Engineer, Databricks

Episode with Youssef

Youssef Mrini speaking on AI with Sach, episode 14Episode 14 · October 2024Democratizing Data and AI: Insights from Databricks' Youssef MriniA Databricks solutions engineer explains data and AI democratization, governance with Unity Catalog, open source compute, and why compound AI systems beat single models.Youssef MriniSenior Solutions Engineer, Databricks

In Youssef’s words

The future of AI may not be one giant model but several working together.

So it's really different from this monolithic AI models, which will rely, for example, on a single model to perform all the tasks. So you can like have this compound AI system that will use various models and traditional technologies to enhance furthermore the accuracy and the efficiency.
Youssef Mrini
Responding to Matei Zaharia's idea of compound AI systems as an alternative to one giant model.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 15:58

For years data tools served engineers. Now the prompt is the query language.

And I think this part of the, the LLM, I think it did change a lot, uh, this vision because now you've seen that everyone can start, I don't know, uh, running queries or asking just simple questions. And then those questions are, uh, uh, uh, uh, SQL queries or now like English is the new language. You just need to write your prompt and it will do a lot of magic for you.
Youssef Mrini
Youssef explains how LLMs changed data access for people who don't write code.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 1:34

Ask your data a question in English, but someone still has to check the SQL it writes.

Of course, we know that LLMs alone won't be able to solve this actually for now. You still need some human interaction over there because, uh, it can hallucinate, can give some, some awkward queries.
Youssef Mrini
Youssef qualifies the promise of asking data questions in plain English.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 2:00

A Databricks engineer says the quiet part out loud: the goal is to replace some analyst work.

And you no longer need, I mean, we want to replace, of course, data analysts, but it can answer some questions quickly without having this, um, uh, human feedback, like human interaction being there.
Youssef Mrini
Describing AI/BI Genie, where a CEO can ask business questions directly instead of going through an analyst.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 4:03

Opening data to everyone sounds good until someone sees data they should never see.

I think the, the, the biggest problem may be around governance. And I think also this is a topic that Databricks tried to address. And I believe it did address successfully with unity catalog. So, and I think this is very, very important because as the company is growing, then you need to make sure that you're not giving access to some, I don't know, PII data to an entity that is not supposed to access this data.
Youssef Mrini
Asked about the biggest challenge in democratizing data, Youssef points to governance and personal data.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 4:31

Whether your RAG app works can depend on where you cut the text: new line or full stop.

But again, it's all about, for example, the success of the rag application may, may be based, for example, on the checking tech, on the checking strategy, strategy of checking your following. Maybe you need to check by whenever you have, I don't know, return to new line or maybe by after a dot. And sometimes it's hard because there, this is not straightforward or say, okay, if I do this, then it will work. It's all about testing.
Youssef Mrini
On why building RAG applications is harder than it looks.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 11:31

Stop asking which model is best. Ask which model is best for this task.

So in your opinion, say, OK, maybe for translation LAMA is better than I will go for LAMA. If it's coding, then I will use Cloud because it gives me and then you can have this logic. So by combining multiple models.
Youssef Mrini
Youssef describes using a playground to compare models on the same prompt and picking one per task.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 17:27

An AI that reads a support ticket, measures how angry the customer is, and calls a human.

Then these tickets can be just sent to the application. It can be translated, classified, whether it's a product issue, system issue or it's hardware. Then automatically how angry is this customer? If this customer is angry, then trigger, I don't know, an agent or like a person who's going to interact with this person
Youssef Mrini
Example of an AI application for customer support ticket triage.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 20:04

You can't learn all of AI. Pick one topic and go deep.

Just keep in mind that you need to learn something that would help you, because if you try to learn everything, that's that's impossibly going to be overwhelmed. So make sure to choose one topic and deep dive and something important.
Youssef Mrini
Closing advice on how to keep learning in a fast-moving field.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 21:23

If access rules live in the compute, anyone who can create compute can walk around them.

So before we had ACLs by those ACLs were on force through the, the compute, which means you need to, to say, okay, with this compute, you can't access this specific table. But then you would be limited because if someone has the permission to create a new compute, then you can simply bypass those ACLs.
Youssef Mrini
Explaining why data access control was hard on Databricks before Unity Catalog.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 6:02

Open data formats mean you can leave your platform and take your data with you.

So Databricks introduced since the beginning, this, um, open source, uh, frameworks. Like we can talk about Delta Lake, uh, which means you can store your data by an open source. So, um, that's not much, which means if you want to use it in another, I don't know, technology, you can use the same data. You're not locked in same thing for the engine.
Youssef Mrini
On how open source formats and engines avoid vendor lock-in.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 7:54

Governance for AI can be as concrete as a daily token cap per person.

Again, handling everything through Unity Catalog with the governance, like track, for example, okay, Sasha can only use, I don't know, maximum 1000 tokens per day. So you can enforce this, you can track how many tokens Sasha use per day, do this.
Youssef Mrini
Describing governance of LLM usage, including per-user token limits.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 12:29

An honest answer on AI ethics from an engineer: here is what the guardrails actually do.

The only thing I know is we have some technology called guardrails, where, for example, you can specify a list of topics that cannot be, that will be, let's say, filtered, say, okay, we cannot do the answers.
Youssef Mrini
After saying he is not an ethics expert, Youssef explains how guardrails block certain topics.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 13:39

A platform can add guardrails, but bias still comes from the model's training data.

But how I think, regarding the question you ask, it's on the models that will be used, because we're not developing now, we have DBRX. But for the others, like if you are using LAMA, then it's on like the data that LAMA has used.
Youssef Mrini
Asked about bias and fairness, Youssef says it depends on the underlying model's training data, and that guardrails only set limits on top.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 14:05

A Databricks engineer on how a coding assistant changed his daily work.

I've been using Databricks Assistant since it was released for the first time, I think maybe 14 months ago. It saved me a lot of time because like, you know, sometimes you don't know the syntax very well.
Youssef Mrini
Youssef describes his own use of a coding assistant.
Said on AI with Sach · Ep. 14 · Oct 2024 · at 17:57